Linux-MySQL5.7-主从复制架构
实验环境
机器
centos7 地址10.0.0.7 主机名master.org
centso7 地址10.0.0.77 主机名slave.org
已安装MySQL5.7数据库
主从配置
修改主机名区分主次
[root@centos7-liyj ~]#hostnamectl set-hostname master.org [root@centos7-liyj ~]#exit logout Connection closed. Disconnected from remote host(10.0.0.7) at 15:18:26. Type `help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt. [C:\~]$ Reconnecting in 1 seconds. Press any key to exit local shell. . Connecting to 10.0.0.7:22... Connection established. To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'. Last login: Sat May 14 15:08:21 2022 from 10.0.0.1 [root@master ~]#
从节点
[root@centos7-liyj ~]#hostnamectl set-hostname slave.org [root@centos7-liyj ~]#exit logout Connection closed. Disconnected from remote host(10.0.0.77) at 15:19:40. Type `help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt. [C:\~]$ Reconnecting in 3 seconds. Press any key to exit local shell. ... Connecting to 10.0.0.77:22... Connection established. To escape tzhujieo local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'. Last login: Sat May 14 15:11:21 2022 from 10.0.0.1 [root@slave ~]#
修改master主节点的配置
配置文件修改
server-id=7 #添加节点全局唯一编号ID，一般为IP地址的最后的地址数 10.0.0.7，防止出现重复ID编号
log-bin=/data/mysql/logbin/mysql-bin #添加二进制日志路径
[root@master ~]#vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] datadir=/data/mysql skip_name_resolve=1 socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.log pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid server-id=7 log-bin=/data/mysql/logbin/mysql-bin [client] socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
创建日志路径
[root@master ~]#mkdir -p /data/mysql/logbin [root@master /data/mysql]#chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/ #修改文件夹权限，属组属主都是mysql，否则重启数据库服务报错
不修改文件权限报错
[root@master ~]#systemctl restart mysqld Job for mysqld.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See systemctl status mysqld.service and journalctl -xe for details.
重启数据库服务
[root@master ~]#systemctl restart mysqld
登录数据库
[root@master ~]#mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 5 Server version: 5.7.37 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.02 sec) mysql>
创建复制用户并授权
mysql> create user [email protected].% identified by 123456 创建用户并给予密码 -> ; ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away No connection. Trying to reconnect... Connection id: 2 Current database: *** NONE *** Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to [email protected].%; 授权用户 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
修改lave从节点的配置
修改配置文件
[root@slave ~]#vim /etc/my.cnf [root@slave ~]#cat /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] datadir=/data/mysql skip_name_resolve=1 socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.log pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid server-id =77 #全局唯一ID编号 read-only # 只读，不可写 [client] socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock [root@slave ~]# systemctl restart mysqld #重启 [root@slave ~]#
登录数据
使用有复制权限的用户账号连接至主服务器，并启动复制线程
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
-> MASTER_HOST='10.0.0.7',
-> MASTER_USER='repluser',
-> MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
-> MASTER_PORT=3306;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)
从节点开始复制
mysql> start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G; *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 10.0.0.7 Master_User: repluser Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1245 Relay_Log_File: slave-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 1458 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1245 Relay_Log_Space: 1665 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 7 Master_UUID: 6eba5dd5-d036-11ec-80f9-0050563aaca0 Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 0 Replicate_Rewrite_DB: Channel_Name: Master_TLS_Version: 1 row in set (0.00 sec) ERROR: No query specified从节点状态
测试主节点创建数据库，从节点查看是否同步
主
mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | logbin | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> create database mydb1; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> create database mydb2; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
从
mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mydb1 | | mydb2 | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use mydb1; Database changed mysql> CREATE TABLE student ( -> id int UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, -> name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, -> age tinyint UNSIGNED, -> gender ENUM('M','F') default 'M' -> )ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=10 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> desc student; +--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | name | varchar(20) | NO | | NULL | | | age | tinyint(3) unsigned | YES | | NULL | | | gender | enum('M','F') | YES | | M | | +--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 4 rows in set (0.03 sec) 主创建表student mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mydb1 | | mydb2 | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> use mydb1; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> desc student; +--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | name | varchar(20) | NO | | NULL | | | age | tinyint(3) unsigned | YES | | NULL | | | gender | enum('M','F') | YES | | M | | +--------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> 从-查看是否同步